Body fat: most of us think about it, usually in the context of losing some or wishing we had a bit more in select areas for a curvier silhouette. But not all body fat is created equal!
Here, expert Detroit cosmetic surgeon Dr. George T. Goffas takes a deep dive into the world of adipose tissue to help you understand the different types of body fat, their functions, and their role in cosmetic surgery.
What is body fat, and why do we need it?
At its most basic, body fat, or adipose tissue, is a type of connective tissue made up of fat cells (adipocytes). It serves as a medium for energy storage and insulation, as well as cushions us against trauma.
But contrary to the lamenting thoughts most people have about body fat, it’s far more complex than just a reservoir of unwanted calories. Body fat also contains blood vessels, nerves, and immune system cells and helps maintain your overall health.
What are the different types of body fat?
You have 3 types of body fat: white fat, brown fat, and beige fat. Each type has a distinct function and uniquely impacts our health and appearance.
White fat: subcutaneous and visceral
Subcutaneous white fat lies just below the skin’s surface—it’s the fat you can pinch. This is the most abundant type of body fat and can accumulate nearly anywhere on the body. Subcutaneous fat provides insulation, pads muscles and bones, and is an energy reserve to keep us fueled between meals. When we consume more calories than our bodies can burn, the excess is stored in the white fat cells, which will expand to accommodate it.
Subcutaneous fat also affects production of hormones that impact reproduction, immunity, and appetite regulation. That said, too much subcutaneous fat can cause several health concerns, such as high blood pressure, kidney disease, and certain cancers.
You have 3 types of body fat: white fat, brown fat, and beige fat. Each type has a distinct function and uniquely impacts our health and appearance.
Visceral fat is also a type of white fat; however, there’s less of it (only about 10% of your total body fat), and it’s located much deeper within the body, surrounding your internal organs. Being nestled far below the skin’s surface makes it less noticeable than subcutaneous fat, but its impact on your health is much more significant. Your genetics and lifestyle impact the amount of visceral fat you accumulate, and in excess, it can also lead to serious health issues, such as stroke, heart disease, and diabetes.
Brown Fat
Brown fat is far less abundant than white fat and can be found mostly in the neck, shoulders, chest, and abdomen. It gets its characteristic brown color from iron-rich mitochondria. The primary responsibility of brown fat is to generate heat, and it’s also metabolically active, meaning it burns calories and helps improve your metabolism.
Beige fat
Beige fat is a sort of middle ground between white and brown fats. It is typically found within white cells and has white and brown fat characteristics, with the unique ability to switch its function. Certain conditions, like exposure to cold temperatures, can cause beige fat cells to turn “brown” and start behaving like brown fat cells to burn energy and create heat. This process is known as “browning” and has gained substantial attention in obesity research and may soon be used to help increase energy expenditure and manage weight in obese individuals.
How does the type of fat affect cosmetic procedures?
Subcutaneous fat is the only type of fat that can be targeted by cosmetic procedures, such as liposuction, to refine or enhance body contours. It is also the only fat used in autologous fat transfer procedures. Subcutaneous white fat is harvested from one part of the body, purified, and then injected into another area to enhance volume and shape for breast procedures or body procedures.
Subcutaneous fat is the only type of fat that can be targeted by cosmetic procedures, such as liposuction, to refine or enhance body contours.
Visceral fat cannot be addressed via cosmetic procedures; good nutrition, an active lifestyle, and proper sleep hygiene are the only ways to safely reduce visceral fat.
If you’re considering cosmetic surgery to address issues related to body fat, consult a board-certified cosmetic surgeon who understands the complex nature of adipose tissue and can provide honest, transparent advice about what procedures might benefit you.
Body contouring procedures in Detroit, MI
At our St. Clair Shores cosmetic surgery practice, Dr. George Goffas believes in a patient-centric approach to help you understand your body and guide you toward the ideal procedures to achieve your aesthetic goals. Schedule your consultation with Dr. Goffas to learn more about our premium surgical and non-surgical cosmetic procedures by calling Cosmetic Surgeons of Michigan, P.C. at (586) 773-6900 or contact us online.
Dr. Goffas proudly serves St. Clair Shores, Grosse Pointe, and the greater Detroit areas. We look forward to the opportunity to partner with you on your cosmetic surgery journey!
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